_java

TL;DR - Show Me The Code

6-open-new-window/code/java/src/test/java/com/elemental/selenium/NewWindowNewTabTest.java

package com.elemental.selenium;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WindowType;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class NewWindowNewTabTest {
    WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeEach
    public void beforeEach() {
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void afterEach() {
        if (driver != null) {
          driver.quit();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void newWindow() throws InterruptedException {
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/windows");
        driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW);
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/typos");
        Assertions.assertEquals(2, driver.getWindowHandles().toArray().length);
    }

    @Test
    public void newTab() throws InterruptedException {
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/windows");
        driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB);
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/typos");
        Assertions.assertEquals(2, driver.getWindowHandles().toArray().length);
    }

}

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Code Walkthrough

Importing Libraries

First let's import our requisite classes (for annotations (e.g., org.junit.After, etc.), driving the browser with Selenium (e.g., org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver, etc.), and matchers for our assertions (e.g., org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions, etc.)), and start our class with some setup and teardown methods.

Setup and Teardown

After specifying the namespace and the class (e.g., public class NewWindowNewTabTest), we are setting up and tearing down the browser instance. The beforeEach method, will execute before each test. In it, we are launching a new instance of Firefox with Selenium and storing it in a class variable that we'll use throughout all tests. After our test executes the second method, afterEach, will execute. This calls driver.quit() which ends the session by closing the browser instance.

Open New Window

newWindow shows how to open a new window, switch to it, and assert the number of window handles open. They key to this is the driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW) line. Which opens a new window and switches to it.

Open New Tab

newTab shows how to open a new tab, switch to it, and assert the number of window handles open. They key to this is the driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB) line. Which opens a new tab and switches to it.

Executing the Test

Before executing the test, we need to make sure the required dependencies are declared on the pom.xml file.

Toggle to see the pom.xml file.

6-open-new-window/code/java/pom.xml

<project>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.elemental.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>tips</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.24.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.11.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

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Finally, we can run the test by executing mvn test from the command-line.