_java

TL;DR - Show Me The Code

5-select-from-a-dropdown/code/java/src/test/java/com/elemental/selenium/DropdownTest.java

package com.elemental.selenium;

import java.util.List;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

public class DropdownTest {
    WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeEach
    public void beforeEach() {
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void afterEach() {
        if (driver != null) {
          driver.quit();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void dropdownTest() {
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/dropdown");
        WebElement dropdownList = driver.findElement(By.id("dropdown"));
        List<WebElement> options = dropdownList.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        for (int i = 0; i < options.size(); i++) {
            if (options.get(i).getText().equals("Option 1")) {
                options.get(i).click();
            }
        }
        String selectedOption = "";
        for (int i = 0; i < options.size(); i++) {
            if (options.get(i).isSelected()) {
                selectedOption = options.get(i).getText();
            }
        }
        Assertions.assertEquals("Option 1", selectedOption);
    }

    @Test
    public void dropdownTestRedux() {
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/dropdown");
        Select selectList = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("dropdown")));
        selectList.selectByVisibleText("Option 1");
        // You could also use select.selectByValue("1");
        Assertions.assertEquals("Option 1", selectList.getFirstSelectedOption().getText());
    }

}

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Code Walkthrough

Importing Libraries, Setup and Teardown

First let's import our requisite classes (for annotations (e.g., org.junit.After, etc.), driving the browser with Selenium (e.g., org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver, etc.), and matchers for our assertions (e.g., org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions, etc.)), and start our class with some setup and teardown methods.

Next, we'll start our class off with some setup and teardown methods.

Example 1

Our first example is dropdownTest, after visiting the example application we find the dropdown list by its ID and store it in a variable. We then find each clickable element in the dropdown list (e.g., each option) with findElements (note the plural).

Grabbing all options with findElements returns a collection that we iterate over. When the text matches what we want, we click on it.

We finish the test by performing a check to see that our selection was made correctly. This is done by iterating over the dropdown options collection one more time. This time we're getting the text of the item that was selected, storing it in a variable, and making an assertion against it.

While this works, there is a more accessible way to do this.

Example 2

Our second example is dropdownTestRedux, and similar to the first example, we are finding the dropdown list by its ID. But instead of iterating over its option elements and clicking based on a conditional we are leveraging a built-in helper function of Selenium. With Select and it's selectBy methods (e.g., selectByVisibleText) we're able to easily choose the item we want.

We then ask the selectList what option was selected by using getFirstSelectedOption and perform our assertion against it's text.

As an aside, in addition to selecting by text you can also select by value.

    select.selectByValue("1");

Executing the Test

Before executing the test, we need to make sure the required dependencies are declared on the pom.xml file.

Toggle to see the pom.xml file.

5-select-from-a-dropdown/code/java/pom.xml

<project>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.elemental.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>tips</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.24.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.11.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

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Finally, we can run the test by executing mvn test from the command-line.